Management is usually difficult, and prognosis is primarily due to the underlying pathology. Patients with atypical absences also suffer from concurrent tonic, atonic, and other types of epileptic seizures according to the primary epileptic syndrome. The ictal EEG shows diffuse spike waves that are slower than the typical absence, usually between 1.5 and 2.5 Hz. They are distinct from typical absences in that onset and termination is slow, impairment of consciousness is mild, and they are often associated with significant tone disturbances. Atypical absences are epileptic seizures that primarily occur in children with severe learning and neurologic disabilities of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, mainly, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
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